REINVENTING THE CONGRESS: Economic Policies and Strategies Since 1991

In the 1990s, an academic interest aroused from certain quarters to locate the Congress Party in the context of the three trends in Indian politics like Mandal, Mandir and Market. This study focuses on the policies and strategies of the Congress in relation to its emphasis on the role of the developmental state and its transition towards market-oriented development in the 1990s.

The Congress Party, which developed an intrinsic relationship between the developmental state and market for its mobilization, strength and domination in Indian politics over a period of time, was at the receiving end of the crisis. Since the market-oriented economic reforms attacked the developmental state, it contributed to the de-institutionalization of the party. By shifting the developmental strategy from the state-oriented to a market-oriented one, great harm has been done to the Congress Party and its legitimacy over Indian politics.

During the second generation reforms under the BJP-led NDA government, the Congress Party underwent a process of introspection and reiteration. Then, it realized that the policies of socialism and social justice, which were anathema for it during the economic reforms under the Rao regime, have the potentiality to mobilize the alienated social groups and thereby reinvent its space in Indian politics.

V. Bijukumar obtained his Ph.D. from Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi under the supervision of eminent political scientist Professor Zoya Hasan. He has, to his credit, a number of articles published in various social science research journals. He also participated and presented papers in number of seminars and conferences. His areas of interest include: party politics, political economy of development and Third World political process. He earlier taught at the Mizoram University, Aizawl.

At present, he teaches Political Science at North Eastern Hill University, Shillong.